Social Security and the Elderly Free Essay Example, 2750 words

The present research has identified that social security reform has never taken specific aim at the elderly and may account for the current status of impoverished elderly Americans. While there is a strong commitment at all levels of US government to provide human services to help needy Americans from all walks of life, statistics reveal that most of the efforts have not been productive among the elderly. Social Security is the primary method for assisting the needy in the US. Under the current law with respect to US social security, social security is predicated on the theory that assistance is necessary for maintaining a fair quality of life for those who cannot earn incomes on account of age, death or disability. To this end, previous workers who have either reached the age of retirement or have become disabled are entitled to Social Security benefits that corresponds with how long they have worked and how much they previously earned. The spouses and children of those entitl ed to Social Security benefits are also eligible for Social Security. The elderly continue to remain the largest group to receive Social Security benefits in the US. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Security and the Elderly or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Moreover, the current economic crisis has even greater significance for increased poverty among the elderly having regard to the heavy reliance on social security.

My Favorite Quotes Of All Time - 1223 Words

Mark Twain once said one of my favorite quotes of all time, The two most important days in your life are the day you were born, and the day you find out why. Perhaps this is a question I have ask myself every since I read it about ten years ago. The day we know for sure what impact we want to do in life is the day that our past experience as well as the once that we did not understood become unambiguous. We can put our history with its experiences into a correct point of view, perhaps as a training to get from point A to point B. We can obtain a clear perspective and shape the road before us with particular objectives in mind. Such as training, education and alternatives for where we are headed. This particular paper was so helpful to me in many ways. It opened and cleared my thoughts; it gave me a fresh perspective. Adaptability: I have found myself often living one day at a time, in other words, as one may say, going day by day or even going with the flow of things, which can be a good thing as well as a bad thing. However, in my readings I have understood that â€Å"Adaptability† may not always be the right thing to do. For it is a theme that waits patiently and unwearyingly for things to happen on there own. On the other hand, this theme may be the reason I am still doing what I am doing, working with different kinds of people. Perhaps, God only knew when He created me that in order to accomplish the task and purpose He entrusted me I would need adaptability. God knewShow MoreRelatedMetacognition Essay Example695 Words   |  3 PagesMetacognition Essay I feel I have come a long way my tenth grade year. My writing has gotten so much better and I can write essays of much better quality now. Things have gotten better like punctuation, thesis, and analysis. To begin with, my punctuation has gotten a lot better. I made a lot of errors during the beginning of the year and I am starting to make a lot less. Also, my thesis statements have gotten tremendously better. At the beginning of the year they were really boring. As the yearRead MoreExample Of Heroism In Beowulf726 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf, there was a theme of heroism which made the story one of my favorites. Beowulf is an outstanding hero who is willing to give up his life to save everyone. He has insane battles against scary monsters that no one else could even survive. In fact, those monsters raid the cities and eat people. In Beowulf, it states, â€Å"the monster’s scorn of men is so great that he needs no weapons and fears non. Nor will I† (Lines 262-264). This quote from the story is Beowulf himself talking to The Danes King andRead MoreA Interview By Slowing Down The Audio1486 Words   |  6 Pages3/13-3/19 As this week is spring break, I think it is a good time to transcribe one of my interviews. I transcribed my first 30 minute interview. To do this, I downloading a free trial of Nvivo. I transcribed the interview by slowing down the audio in Nvivo. I then typed the transcription. I had to replay the audio at least twice to get the correct transcription. After I transcribed the interview once, I went through a second time to ensure I transcribed correctly. It took approximately 1.5 hoursRead MoreExtremely Loud and Incredibly Close792 Words   |  4 Pagesan atheist, that doesn’t mean you wouldn’t love for things to have reasons for why they are.† (13) Commentary #1 This was one of my favorite quotes out of the entire book because I question religion all the time so, it was very easy to relate to. I’m not an atheist and will never be able to completely deny something so powerful, but this quote seemed to wrap up my entire belief on life, everything here has something it was made to do, and everything and everyone is here for some reason, not justRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Novel Essay1241 Words   |  5 Pagesbeautiful field filled with vibrant colored flowers letting off your favorite floral fragrance. There is a side table with your favorite warm drink filling the air above it with artful steam. The book you hold in your hands resembles the length of a novella and had a dark color theme on the front cover with sharp cursive as the title font. You open it gently with anticipation, wondering what this story could possibly be about and all of a sudden, the world around you begins to fade out. What is goingRead MoreArgumentative Essay About Wrestling1021 Words   |  5 PagesBecause that is all that you will be thinking about until it has passed, but even then you may still be worried whether not you did good on the project or with the girl that you want or not. Wrestling has taught me to be strong minded and never give up. It has taught me that no matter what obstacles that life throws me that I know that i can get through it. Like one of my favorite wrestlers said, â€Å" Ever since you’ve wrestled, everything else in life is easy.†(Dan Gable) I enjoy this quote so much becauseRead MoreColorful Emotions Essay1072 Words   |  5 PagesEmotions are, in my opinion, some of the most complex and interesting puzzles known to man. The way that they can change so suddenly, how sights, sounds and smells bring out a wide array of emotions from different people has always fascinated me. 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All in all, I feel that it was a good semester for me, and that I grew as a writer. In my first paper, I manage to keep my summaries clear and concise, while still maintaining the page count. While I feel that it is not my best piece, it certainly is not my worst. In my second paper, I feel that I managed to give my stance on the topic clearly even though I do not have a clear cut stance on it. I feel that if I had devoted more time to this paper, it would have becomeRead MoreI Am From New Jersey883 Words   |  4 Pagesso much more. There are no two people who have the same exact story, which makes us all unique and should drive us to want to have our own individual stories. To start from the beginning and to give a quick summary, I am from New Jersey. A small town in Northern Jersey called New Providence. I grew up with a younger sister, and four cousins that I basically count as my siblings. 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Meteor Missile Free Essays

The Meteor is a fast and highly manoeuvrable Beyond Visual Range Air to Air Missile (BVRAAM) air-to-air weapon. Guidance is provided by an active radar seeker benefiting from enhanced technologies drawn from the MBDA Aster and Mica missile programmes. The meteor was designed to equip the Euro fighter Typhoons of the UK’s Royal Air Force (RAF), Germany’s Luftwaffe, Spain’s Ejercito del Aire and Italy’s Aeronautica Militare Italiana, the British and Italian F-35s (both in the Air Force and Navy), the Dassault Rafales of France’s Armee de l’Air and Marine Nationale, and the Saab JAS 39 Gripens of Sweden’s Flygvapnet. We will write a custom essay sample on Meteor Missile or any similar topic only for you Order Now The missile is allocated targets from the launch aircraft radar and is capable of engaging air targets autonomously by night or day, in all weather and in severe electronic warfare environments. The increasing proliferation of state of the art Air to Air threats, that are challenging the already in service Air to Air combat system is a critical challenge for modern Air Forces which is answered by the Meteor. The missile’s ramjet propulsion system gives Meteor its high speed performance and the energy to defeat fast, manoeuvring targets at long range. Meteor is equipped with both a proximity and impact fuse to ensure total target destruction in all circumstances. The missile trajectory is controlled aerodynamically using four rear-mounted fins. Meteor’s control principles are intended to allow high turn rates while maintaining intake and propulsion performance. MBDA Meteor is capable of engaging air targets autonomously, whether fighters, bombers, transport aircraft or cruise missiles by using its active radar seeker by day or night and in all weather or dense EW (Electronic Warfare) environments. Meteor’s solid fuel variable-flow rocket/ramjet propulsion system will ensure a range in excess of 100 km and a speed of more than Mach 4 and high terminal velocity. Even when launched from extreme stand-off ranges, the missile will have the energy in the end game to defeat fast, manoeuvring targets. To ensure total target destruction, the missile is equipped with both proximity and impact fuses and a fragmentation warhead that is detonated at the optimum point to aximise lethality. Guidance is ISN, two-way data link and active Ku-band radar seeker. It can receive targeting data after launch from the launching fighter or another fighter. The two-way data-link partially solves the IFF problem at long ranges. It is designed to defeat current and future threats; Meteor provides the long stand-off range and high kill probability which combine to ensure air superiority and pilot survivability. How to cite Meteor Missile, Papers

Passion and Revenge in The White Devil Essay Example For Students

Passion and Revenge in The White Devil Essay Passion and Revenge inThe White Devil John Webster was born around 1580 and died around 1634. Hewas an English Jacobean dramatist best known for his tragedies The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi, which are often regarded as masterpieces of the early 17th-century English stage.1According to ReneWeis in the introduction of the book The Duchess of Malfi and other plays by John Webster,The White Devil is based on sources about the life and death of Vittoria Accoramboni of Gubbio (1557-85) and her turbulent marriage (or repeated marriages) to the Duke of Bracciano. The play traces the couples relationship, aided and abetted by Vittoriasbrother Flamineo.2However, in this paper I will focus on the passion and revenge in the play. Passion, according to me, is the driving force in the play The White Devil. Had it not been for the passion the charactersfelt, theyprobably wouldnt have acted the way they did. Flamineos passionto climb up the social ladderis what incites him to plot with Bracciano the murders of Braccianos wife, Isabella, and Flamineos brother-in-law, Camillo.Braccianos passion for Vittoria is what stimulates him tohire someone tomurderIsabella andplot with Flamineo the murder ofCamillo.The passion of Francisco to avenge Isabellas death is what incites him to disguise later on in the play andpoison Bracciano. Lodovicos passion for Isabella, he is in love with her, is what incites him to enter the quest for revenge with Francisco and Cardinal Monticelso, who wanted to avenge the death of Camillo. Since Bracciano is in love with Vittoria, the sister of Flamineo, Flamineo does whatever he is capable of to aid Bracciano in marrying Vittoria: FLAMINEO Pursue your noble wishes; I am prompt/ As lightning to your service. O my lord! / (Whispers) The fair Vittoria, my happy sister, / Shall give you present audience. Gentlemen, / Let the caroche go on, and tis his pleasure/ You put out all your torches and depart.3(The White Devil 1.2. 4-9).Bracciano then asks about the husband of Vittoria, Camillo; Flamineo responds by saying Hang him, a gilder that hath his brains perished with quicksilver is not more cold in the liver.4(The White Devil 1.2. 26-27)Even so early in the play Flamineo already suggesttoBracciano to murder Camillo since he is a gilder which according to the notes in the bookThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays by John Webstermeans repeated exposure to the vapors of mercury usedin gilding could cause tremors and insanity when inhaled. The liver was thought to be the sea t of passion.5The meaning of the sentence is that Camillo is basically useless.Further lines down Flamineo keeps on encouraging Bracciano to pursue Vittoria romantically. Flamineo tries so hard to persuade Bracciano to pursue Vittoria all because of the passion he has to climb up the social ladder.Personally, Flamineo reminds me of Hamlets uncle, who so desperately wanted to become a king and kills his own brother and marries his brothers widow. Bracciano, on the other hand is easily manipulated because of the passion he has for Vittoria. He is ready to do whatever it takes to have Vittoria. He publiclyannounces hisdivorcewithhiswife Isabella: BRACCIANO This is the latest ceremony of my love; / Henceforth Ill never lie with thee, by this, / This wedding-ring; Ill neer more lie with thee. / And this divorce shall be as truly kept, / As if the judge had doomed it; fare you well, / Our sleeps are severed.6.In order to marry Vittoria, he is capable of anything. He hires Doctor Julio and Christophero to murder his wife, he plots with Flamineo the murder of Camillo. Bracciano wont stop at anything to have Vittoria. Later on in the play, this passion he has for Vittoria drives him jealous. He finds love letters, which were written to Vittoria and he is ready to kill her. Bracciano doesnt want anyone beside him to have Vittoria. Even today people sometimes are so blinded with passion and jealousy that they will stop at nothing to h ave the person of their desire only to themselves and if that means to murdersomeone or even their most beloved person. .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 , .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .postImageUrl , .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 , .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35:hover , .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35:visited , .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35:active { border:0!important; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35:active , .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35 .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b40df2e4efc7c38aa870739262e5a35:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Different parts of a plant and their function Essay Personally, I believe that passion is a very strong emotion which can make a person behave out of his ordinary behavior and can also stimulate someone to take the law into their own hands. Which is exactly what Francisco does. He doesnt trust the legal system and the passion to avenge his sisters deathand his sisters ghost that appears to himis whatpersuadeshim to seek revenge. Francisco is mad because his sister has been murdered and the murderers are not punished.He accuses Bracciano, Vittoria and Flamineo. When Bracciano and Flamineo only hired Doctor Julio and Christophero to poison the portraitthatIsabella kisses every night.At first Francisco did not want to seek revenge:FRANCISCOFar be it from my thoughts / To seek revenge.6(The White Devil 4.1. 2-3)Francisco decides that Bracciano will be punished by God when he dies: FRANCISCOHe that unjustly caused it first proceed. / Shall find it in his grave and in his seed.7(The White Devil 4.1.10-11).But after the ghost of Isabella appears to Francisco he is persuaded to seek revenge for herdeath: FRANCISCOBracciano, I am now fit for thyencounter. / Like the wild Irish Ill neer think thee dead, / Till I can play at football with thy head.8(The White Devil 4.1. 133-5).Francisco no longer believes that he should Bracciano to live his life and meet his creator when his time comes, now Francisco wants to take ac tion and make sure that Bracciano payed with his own life for taking Isabellas life.Francisco, Cardinal Monticelso and later Lodovico disguise themselves and go after Vittoria, Flamineo and Bracciano. They do manage to poison Braccianoby using a helmetand kill him. Francisco vaguely reminds me of Hamlet. Hamlet as well sought revenge for the murder of his father.Isabellas brother will do anything to avenge her untimely death just like Hamlet did everything he could toavenge his fathers death. After Bracciano is murdered he appears as a ghost to Flamineo, who promise to avenge his death. Since Flamineobelievesthat Vittoria and Zanche havesomething to do withBraccianos death and since he promised Bracciano neither Flamineo nor Vittoria will continue to live he brings a gun and make both of the women to promise to kill each other after they kill him.In the end, Lodovico is the one who kills Vittoria, Flamineo and Zanche. Just like in the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare everyone dies. According to Rene Weis, although The White Devil reverts again and again to moral speeches and ethical positions, its power does not reside in its moral truths but9and here she quotes Alvin Kernan in the force with which it presents the dark energies of the self-uncoiling and striking whatever opposes them (Kernan 1975:396).10The way I understand this quote by Kernan is that the characters in the play will compel to their own passion and do whatever it takes to satiate it. And as I was reading the play, I saw this: Flamineos passion to climb up the social ladder is what persuades him to do whatever it takes; Braccianos passion for Vittoria is what persuades him to plot the murders of Isabella and Camillo; Franciscos passion to avenge Isabellas death is what incites him to plot the murder of Bracciano and Lodovicos passion for Isabella is what incites him to team up with Francisco in the murders of the murderers. In my opinion, the passion each of the characters felt was the driving force behind their actions in the play. Works Cited https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Webster Webster, JohnThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays;Edited with an Introduction byReneWeis, New York:Oxford University Press,1996 pp. XV Webster, JohnThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays;Edited with an Introduction byReneWeis, New York:Oxford University Press,1996 pp. 7,act 1, scene 2,lines 4-9 Webster, JohnThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays;Edited with an Introduction byReneWeis, New York:Oxford University Press,1996 pp. 8,act 1, scene 2, lines 26-27 Webster, JohnThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays;Edited with an Introduction byReneWeis, New York:Oxford University Press,1996 pp.367 Webster, JohnThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays;Edited with an Introduction byReneWeis, New York:Oxford University Press,1996 pp.51,act 4, scene 1,lines 2-3 Webster, JohnThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays;Edited with an Introduction byReneWeis, New York:Oxford University Press,1996 pp.51,act 4, scene 1,li nes 10-11 Webster, JohnThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays;Edited with an Introduction byReneWeis, New York:Oxford University Press,1996 pp. 54,act 4, scene 1,lines 133-135 Webster, JohnThe Duchess of Malfi and Other Plays;Edited with an Introduction byReneWeis, New York:Oxford University Press,1996 pp.XV Kernan, Alvin (1975), Banisht!: The Dark World of Jacobean Tragedy, inThe Revels History of Drama in English,vol. iii: 1576 1613

George Bush Essays (584 words) - Bush Family, Livingston Family

George Bush George Bush brought to the White House a dedication to traditional American values and a determination to direct them toward making the United States "a kinder and gentler nation." In his Inaugural Address he pledged in "a moment rich with promise" to use American strength as "a force for good." Coming from a family with a tradition of public service, George Herbert Walker Bush felt the responsibility to make his contribution both in time of war and in peace. Born in Milton, Massachusetts, on June 12, 1924, he became a student leader at Phillips Academy in Andover. On his 18th birthday he enlisted in the armed forces. The youngest pilot in the Navy when he received his wings, he flew 58 combat missions during World War II. On one mission over the Pacific as a torpedo bomber pilot he was shot down by Japanese antiaircraft fire and was rescued from the water by a U. S. submarine. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for bravery in action. Bush next turned his energies toward completing his education and raising a family. In January 1945 he married Barbara Pierce. They had six children--George, Robin (who died as a child), John (known as Jeb), Neil, Marvin, and Dorothy. At Yale University he excelled both in sports and in his studies; he was captain of the baseball team and a member of Phi Beta Kappa. After graduation Bush embarked on a career in the oil industry of West Texas. Like his father, Prescott Bush, who was elected a Senator from Connecticut in 1952, George became interested in public service and politics. He served two terms as a Representative to Congress from Texas. Twice he ran unsuccessfully for the Senate. Then he was appointed to a series of high-level positions: Ambassador to the United Nations, Chairman of the Republican National Committee, Chief of the U. S. Liaison Office in the People's Republic of China, and Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1980 Bush campaigned for the Republican nomination for President. He lost, but was chosen as a running mate by Ronald Reagan. As Vice President, Bush had responsibility in several domestic areas, including Federal deregulation and anti-drug programs, and visited scores of foreign countries. In 1988 Bush won the Republican nomination for President and, with Senator Dan Quayle of Indiana as his running mate, he defeated Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis in the general election. Bush faced a dramatically changing world, as the Cold War ended after 40 bitter years, the Communist empire broke up, and the Berlin Wall fell. The Soviet Union ceased to exist; and reformist President Mikhail Gor bachev, whom Bush had supported, resigned. While Bush hailed the march of democracy, he insisted on restraint in U. S. policy toward the group of new nations. In other areas of foreign policy, President Bush sent American troops into Panama to overthrow the corrupt regime of General Manuel Noriega, who was threatening the security of the canal and the Americans living there. Noriega was brought to the United States for trial as a drug trafficker. Bush's greatest test came when Iraqi President Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait, then threatened to move into Saudi Arabia. Vowing to free Kuwait, Bush rallied the United Nations, the U. S. people, and Congress and sent 425,000 American troops. They were joined by 118,000 troops from allied nations. After weeks of air and missile bombardment, the 100-hour land battle dubbed Desert Storm routed Iraq's million-man army. Despite unprecedented popularity from this military and diplomatic triumph, Bush was unable to withstand discontent at home from a faltering economy, rising violence in inner cities, and continued high deficit spending. In 1992 he lost his bid for reelection to Democrat William Clinton.

The Characterization of Dorian Gray essays

The Characterization of Dorian Gray essays The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde is a strange novel that emphasizes a theme of individualism and the corruption that can arise as a result of anothers influence. In this particular novel, we see this correlation directly; Dorian Gray is influenced and corrupted by Lord Henry Wotton. Although Lord Henry is not necessarily an evil person, he lacks morality and often puts the experience of pleasure above anything else. By carefully examining the transformation of Dorian Gray from an innocent being to a perhaps Dionystic character we see that Wilde uses the narrators description of Dorian, Dorians interactions with other characters, and the portrait to characterize Dorian and thereby introduce and emphasize the previously stated theme. Our introduction to the character of Dorian Gray was meant primarily to prove his innocence and purity, perhaps in an effort to highlight his transformation to a man of little morality whos primary pursuit is pleasure. As the portrait is described before Dorian is even introduced in person to the novel, our first impressions of him are primarily based on his outward appearance, which happens to be strikingly beautiful. The narrator describes Dorian as ...a young man of extraordinary personal beauty (1). If we agree with a statement that Lord Henry later presents where he says an intelligent or corrupted man could not be beautiful, for it would show on his face (2) a statement that todays society seems to be in agreement with, we might assume that Dorian Gray is innocent and pure, with a mind just waiting to be filled with ideas. Unfortunately, this easily influenced young man is introduced to Lord Henry, whos cynical, amoral, and pleasure-seeking outlook on life seems to rub off on Dorian, as we will later see. Lady Agatha, Lord Henrys aunt and an acquaintance of Dorian, describes Dorian as a wonderful young man...&quo...

Real Income convergence Across states Assignment

Real Income convergence Across states - Assignment Example Real Income convergence Across states The countries or states with poor economies experience increased levels on returns as compared to the rich economy states, a fact attributable to the diminishing returns to capital. Analyzing the neoclassical model on an international platform, it becomes noticeable that the effect of convergence is strengthened by both technological and capital outflow from rich economies to poor and, outflow of labor to rich economies from the poor ones. In ascertain whether real personal disposable incomes were converging to a certain constant value, we formulated our null hypothesis such that: Ho: there is income convergence across states (unit root exists for income series) H1: There is no income convergence across states (no unit root for income series and thus it`s stationary) Previous empirical analysis focused on the increase of per capita income and the production level of the U.S. states (Shekhar, 115). Extensive studies have been undertaken on the analysis of the data regarding the personal income from the 1840s and on the cumulative produce of the state dating back from 1963. For analyzing purposes on what determines the growth of the states’ economy, the familiarity with the U.S. states acts as representation of resources that are not properly utilized: basically, there exists information on the 48 states for a period of more than a century.